Obtaining an FBI background check, also known as the Identity History Summary Check, can be essential for employment, travel, or security clearances. This guide explains the steps, required documents, fees, processing times, and common questions to help applicants navigate the process in the United States.
What Is An FBI Background Check
An FBI background check is an official record of an individual’s criminal history, maintained by the FBI’s Criminal Justice Information Services (CJIS) Division. The primary product is the Identity History Summary Check, which lists arrests or disposition information retained in FBI systems. It does not disclose every state or local record but provides a nationwide snapshot useful for background screening and security clearances. Key point: It is separate from state or local background checks and is often required for sensitive positions, travel, or visa applications.
Who Can Request And Where To Apply
The FBI Identity History Summary Check can be requested by U.S. citizens or non-U.S. citizens who reside in the United States. Requests can be made through FBI-approved channels, including FBI CJIS Division services and authorized Channeling partners. Some applicants submit via law enforcement offices that participate in the process, while others use private FBI-channelers who provide fingerprint submission and processing services. Tip: Using an FBI-approved channel ensures the request is transmitted securely and processed properly.
Requirements And Documents
To obtain the FBI Identity History Summary Check, applicants generally need the following:
- A completed Identity History Summary Request form (or the equivalent depending on the channel) which includes full name, date of birth, place of birth, and identifiers such as social security number where applicable.
- Two sets of rolled fingerprints on standard FBI FD-258 cards or an accepted electronic fingerprint submission depending on the channel. Electronic submission is increasingly common through approved partners.
- Citizenship information and a valid government-issued photo ID for identity verification.
- Cash, check, or credit/debit card payment for the processing fee as required by the submitting channel.
- A self-addressed return envelope if the channel requires physical mail-back of results.
Processing options vary by channel. Some provide digital results, while others deliver a printed Identity History Summary by mail. Always confirm current fingerprinting standards and payment methods with the chosen channel.
Processing Time And Fees
Processing times depend on the channel and the FBI’s internal workload. Typical timelines range from several business days to a few weeks after the FBI receives the fingerprints and forms. Some channels offer expedited options for an additional fee. As of the latest guidance, expect processing times to be longer during peak demand periods. Fees cover the FBI processing plus any channeling service charges. Always verify the total cost upfront, including any mailing or expedited processing fees.
How To Check The Status
Tracking the status of an Identity History Summary Check is usually handled through the FBI-approved channel or the submitting agency. Applicants should use the portal or contact point provided by the channel for status updates. For cases submitted through local law enforcement, the agency may provide status information or transfer results to the applicant. Digital channels often offer real-time updates and secure download links for results.
Tips For A Smooth Process
- Confirm channel legitimacy: Only use FBI-approved channels or partnering agencies to avoid scams and ensure data security.
- Accurate information: Double-check spellings of names, dates of birth, and places of birth to prevent delays.
- Fingerprints meet standards: Ensure fingerprint impressions are clear, rolled correctly, and submitted on the standard FD-258 form when needed.
- Privacy considerations: Understand who can access the result and how it may be used for employment or travel; review any privacy notices provided by the channel.
- Follow up diligently: If results are delayed, contact the channel’s support desk for a status check and confirmation of receipt by the FBI.
Common Questions
- What information appears on the Identity History Summary? It lists arrests, dispositions, and other information retained by FBI systems, but it does not include every state or local record.
- Can non-U.S. residents obtain an FBI background check? Yes, but the process requires U.S. mailing addresses or authorized channels that handle international requests. Some channels provide guidance for non-U.S. residents.
- How long is the result valid? The FBI result reflects information in the system up to the date of the FBI record entry; organizations determine how long they rely on that data for eligibility.
- Can the result be used for consular or visa purposes? Yes, many visa and immigration processes require an Identity History Summary Check or similar documentation, but confirm the exact requirements with the relevant agency.
Important note: The FBI strongly recommends using official channels and adhering to fingerprinting requirements to ensure data accuracy and privacy. Applicants should never provide sensitive personal information to unverified sources promising faster results.